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{"id":1955,"date":"2022-11-07T23:51:53","date_gmt":"2022-11-07T23:51:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/asohemo.com\/?page_id=1955"},"modified":"2022-11-07T23:51:54","modified_gmt":"2022-11-07T23:51:54","slug":"deficiencia-de-la-vitamina-k","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/asohemo.com\/deficiencia-de-la-vitamina-k\/","title":{"rendered":"Deficiencia de la vitamina K"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

La deficiencia combinada de factores de la coagulaci\u00f3n dependientes de la vitamina K<\/strong> (VKCFD, por sus siglas en ingl\u00e9s) es un trastorno hemorr\u00e1gico hereditario muy poco com\u00fan provocado por un problema con los factores de coagulaci\u00f3n II, VII, IX y X. Para que la reacci\u00f3n en cadena de la coagulaci\u00f3n pueda continuar, estos cuatro factores necesitan activarse en una reacci\u00f3n qu\u00edmica en la que participa la vitamina K. Cuando esta reacci\u00f3n no ocurre como debiera, la reacci\u00f3n de coagulaci\u00f3n se interrumpe y el co\u00e1gulo sangu\u00edneo no se forma.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La VKCFD es un trastorno autos\u00f3mico recesivo, lo cual quiere decir que ambos padres deben ser portadores del gen defectuoso a fin de transmitirlo a sus hijos. Tambi\u00e9n implica que el trastorno afecta tanto a varones como a mujeres. Esta deficiencia es muy poco com\u00fan pero, como todos los trastornos autos\u00f3micos recesivos, se encuentra con mayor frecuencia en regiones del mundo donde los matrimonios entre parientes cercanos son comunes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La VKCFD tambi\u00e9n puede presentarse en una etapa posterior de la vida, como resultado de trastornos gastrointestinales, enfermedad hep\u00e1tica, deficiencia de vitamina K o consumo de ciertos f\u00e1rmacos como el Coumadin\u00ae, medicamento anticoagulante. La deficiencia adquirida es m\u00e1s com\u00fan que la deficiencia heredada. Algunos beb\u00e9s reci\u00e9n nacidos presentan una deficiencia transitoria de vitamina K que puede corregirse administrando suplementos luego del nacimiento.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u00edntomas<\/strong>
Los s\u00edntomas de la VKCFD var\u00edan considerablemente de una persona a otra, pero generalmente son leves. Los primeros s\u00edntomas podr\u00edan presentarse al nacimiento o en una etapa posterior de la vida. Los s\u00edntomas al nacer deben diferenciarse de la deficiencia adquirida. Las personas con deficiencias importantes pueden presentar episodios hemorr\u00e1gicos graves, pero los s\u00edntomas m\u00e1s graves generalmente son poco comunes y solo se presentan en personas con concentraciones de factor muy bajas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u00edntomas reportados
<\/strong>Hemorragia del mu\u00f1\u00f3n del cord\u00f3n umbilical al nacer
Hemorragias articulares (hemartrosis)
Hemorragia en tejidos blandos y m\u00fasculos
Hemorragia en v\u00edsceras (hemorragia gastrointestinal)
Propensi\u00f3n a los moretones
Hemorragia excesiva despu\u00e9s de cirug\u00edas<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u00edntomas poco comunes
<\/strong>Hemorragia en el cerebro (hemorragia intracraneal)
Anormalidades esquel\u00e9ticas y p\u00e9rdida del o\u00eddo medio (en casos graves)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Diagn\u00f3stico<\/strong>
La VKCFD se diagnostica mediante una serie de pruebas sangu\u00edneas que debe realizar un especialista en un centro de tratamiento de hemofilia\/trastornos de la coagulaci\u00f3n. Debe tenerse cuidado, particularmente en el caso de reci\u00e9n nacidos, de excluir la probabilidad de una deficiencia de vitamina K adquirida o de la exposici\u00f3n a ciertos medicamentos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tratamiento<\/strong>
Hay tres tratamientos disponibles para la VKCFD.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vitamina K
<\/strong>Concentrados de complejo de protrombina (CCP)
Plasma fresco congelado (PFC)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Contenido desarrollado por el Comit\u00e9 de la FMH para la enfermedad de von Willebrand y trastornos de la coagulaci\u00f3n poco comunes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fuente: Federaci\u00f3n Mundial de Hemofilia \/ Actualizado 2012 – 2016<\/em><\/h6>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La deficiencia combinada de factores de la coagulaci\u00f3n dependientes de la vitamina K (VKCFD, por sus siglas en ingl\u00e9s) es<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1955","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nDeficiencia de la vitamina K - ASOHEMO<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La deficiencia combinada de factores de la coagulaci\u00f3n dependientes de la vitamina K es un trastorno hemorr\u00e1gico hereditario muy poco com\u00fan.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/asohemo.com\/deficiencia-de-la-vitamina-k\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Deficiencia de la vitamina K - 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